Tuesday, November 30, 2010
Friday, November 26, 2010
The Telemachia
Telemachus learns that what is happening in his house is not the norm, and that civilization is actually quite functional and proper beyond the borders of Ithaca. He learns from King Nestor and Menelaus what true civilized feasting and hospitality is. The stark difference between his fathers' estate being abused, and the Nestors' respectful orderly meal is apparent in the Odyssey. From the two royal houses Telemachus learns that being civilized means not submitting to every whim, but reeling in your human emotions in order to benefit the collective in a society. Nestor and Menelaus exhibit this by always keeping in mind the almighty gods and not allowing their pride take over their minds. They are hospitable to strangers in need, feeding and entertaining them, repaying the numerous favours other have done them, and even just preparing for a future where they may be in the desperate strangers' shoes, despite them being powerful kings. Telemachus observes the order in the dining hall, all the guests paying respect to their host, their host respecting them. He sees the guests not exploiting, but receiving in a mannered way what the host has to offer. Any of the persons at the feast could exploit their providers' generosity, but because of their civilized nature they reel in their temptations and uphold the societal ideals of respect, humility, and order.
2)What does Telemachus learn about "hero"?
Telemachus learns what the true meaning of heroism is from the stories Nestor and Menelaus tell of his father. They speak of his father's noble suffering, his willingness to risk his life for his comrades, and his renowned cunning, all things that shape Telemachus' view of what a true hero is. Again a stark difference is seen between the male figures at home and the male figures abroad. On Ithaca the men who are held the highest are the cowards who eat away at his estate and exploit the absence of great men. In the realm of the greats, men are courageous respectful men who adhere to civil norms, strive to make the lives of those around them better, and above all have a balance between the kleos and the time returned home. It is from these lessons that Telemachus will learn what it requires to become a hero, an important step in the absence of Odysseus.
3) Is it possible to be over-civilized?
Telemachus learns from King Menelaus that it is possible to be over-civilized. When Telemachus first enters King Menelaus’ palace, the king does not even insist upon knowing his guests’ names or purpose. This is being too generous because the stranger could be a man with bad intentions, or a man un-deserving of such hospitality.
Menelaus offers Telemachus horses and additional nights of feasting, while these are enticing offers, Telemachus sees that he must not dabble in luxuries but go out and face the challenges that plague him. This is an example of over-civilization because Menelaus offers the civilized feast and gift, while Telemachus must see where the limits are, and react accordingly.
Tuesday, November 23, 2010
Too much of a good thing
How to be a Hero
Civilization 101
Monday, November 22, 2010
The Odyssey: Books Three to Four
In order to be civilized, a culture or an individual must be brought out of a barbaric state, and adapt to a more simple social and private life. In The Odyssey Telemachus develops the understanding that in order to have a civilization a heiarchy must be in place, and must be understood by all individuals. For instance, when a person of authority and power such as Telemachus would call an assembly it was a custom that gifts were given at the assembly as a way of controlling. When gifts are given there is often the subconscious sence of obligation and debt to that person. The act of giving gifts could be used to ensure an indiviauls loyalty to another. This remains to be true today when guests feel an obligation to bring a hostess gift when attending a party.
A hero can be defined by many different traits. In The Odyssey, Telemachus characterizes a hero as someone who possess' courage, and is able to obtain heroic glory upon their nostos (return home.) A hero, in Telemachus' eyes, is one who stands out from the crowd for their actions of excellence, whether those actions be through a journey, bravery, or strength.
I personally think that it is not only possible, but also very common to be over civilized. Over civilized is the point of adapting to such a degree that a society, or an individual looses sight of what was important to them, or what their goals were in the first place. Today, in the twenty-first century, North American counties are very close to, if not already have become, over civilized. With the advancments in technology, the speed of communication, and effortless accessibility to practically whatever you want, North American countries have become, by far, the most civilized continent in the world. People generally now see their posessions, and the materialistic factors of their life among the most crucial things in their survival. However, in many of the countries in Europe they live a much more "down to earth" lifestyle.
Sunday, November 21, 2010
Heroes: helping to build civilizations since 1400 BC
Civilization: Telemechus learns that recognizing rank and hierarchy is essential to building any civilization, especially politically. A special emphasis was put on what it means for members of a civilization to be considered civilized. The way people feasted said a lot about them too. Civilized people were polite, hospitable, respectful, and caring while the suitors represented the barbaric and uncivilized through their gorging, rude, and chaotic ways.
Hero: Telemechus learns that a hero is a man of great courage and most importantly has a strong sense of self control and restraint. A hero is someone who is bold, brave, and fearless, achieving glory when they return home (nostos) and leaving a legacy when they are gone. But most importantly, they victoriously emerge after enduring some form of suffering to prove their determination, skill/intelligence, and strength. The greater the suffering the greater the KLEOS.
Overcivilized: the point at which a society becomes so far developed that its people begin to lose a sense of priority within their life and compassion for the people around them. I think there becomes a point at which society can be too civilized for its own good. As a result, morals may become skewed, religion may eventually seem useless, and the legal system may ultimately become so structured and unforgiving that is in fact unjust or unfair. What drives a society to crave so much structure? And is the technology of our century taking us down this emotionless path?
Wednesday, November 17, 2010
Three Questions
Books 3-4, The Odyssey
Putting myself in Telemachus' shoes, I believe that hearing these great stories about his father would encourage him to make a change in his life. It is just like watching a profesisional sport. You watch and learn. In your mind you try and picture yourself doing the things that these heroesin your mind are doing. This will then give you that little boost of confidence that is needed. Being confident is the number one thing that a man like Telemachus needs in his life. He has nothing to look forward or up to in his life because of his fathers absence. The more Telemachus hears, watches, and sees about what a great impact his father Odyssesus had on the Greeks lives, the more he will mature into the hero that he was meant to be.
Tuesday, November 2, 2010
Bobby D's view
Bob Dylan
Wednesday, October 20, 2010
Architecture Dissappears out of no Where!
Although the Mycenaean civilization could be said to be descendants of the Minoan culture, their technology in their architecture was still below that of the Minoans. Even though the Minoans were alive before the Mycenaeans, their technological innovations were lower. Mycenaeans built their palaces on high mountains/hills. Like the quotation states, it was for both military and social reasons. Building a town or palace on a hill/mountain is extremely smart for the time because as enemy lines would approach the palace to attack, they would need to be angle up while defenders of the palace would be aiming down, making it allot easier to defend. Also it would show from a distance where the palace was and showing off the social status of the people in the area. They also built their walls very thick, 25 feet thick to be exact! This made it extremely hard to think about breaching the walls as it would have been impossible in the time period. But for the time period these were extremely innovated techniques that we will not see for another 1000 years. While the Minoan culture was above the Mycenaeans, they both were extremely innovated cultures that would shape history throughout the ages.
Tuesday, October 19, 2010
"Beneath this mask there is more than flesh. There is an idea, Mr. Creedy - and ideas are bulletproof."
The Mycenaean Civilization
Monday, October 18, 2010
History Forms Current Opinions
This quote from Preface: The Value of History, taken from The Ancient Mediteranian World, refers to what effect history has on current culture. The writer is implying that history shapes peoples opinions, and posions in today's society, and that what has happened in the past alters people's decisions in the present time. People learn about historical events, and change their opinion about different topics. For instance, people learn about past conflicts between countries, such as the Arab-Israeli conflict, which has been going on since the 1940's, and use that knowledge to establish their opinion on the current issues.
When reading this quotation in the text, I took notice to it because immediatly many different examples of past issues, becoming present came to mind. Issues such as, the one between The U.S. and Iraq. This issue was occuring in the early 1990's, and became a current issue again after the 9/11 terrorist attacks.
People are too often are reluctant to change and alter their opinions about highly controversial topics. Occasionally their opinion is on based off of correct information, and is not necessarily an unfair opinion, but I beleive that everyone should keep an open mind when it comes to important issues.
Sunday, October 17, 2010
Reading Between the Lines
"History is a series of arguments to be debated, not a body of data to be recorded or a set of facts to be memorized."
History should not just be about recorded data or a bunch of facts to be memorized, although sometimes it seems as if in the classroom, dates, names, and numbers are the only things teachers are concerned about. Because of this, overtime, I think we've lost a sense of priority in what is important in history. A lot of the time we get caught up in all the little tiny details of what went on in the past instead of stepping back and taking a look at the big picture. We really don’t learn anything from memorizing what day the War of 1812 started, but what we are affected by are the mistakes people made, the unruly and unjust things that were enforced, world wide epidemics, and the hardships people endured. Those are the things that with discussion help to stretch and expand our horizons.
The Whole Truth and Nothing but the Truth...?
“Who controls history, and how it is written, controls the past, and who controls the past controls the present.”
What would your view point be on Hitler if you never learned or were exposed to all of the horrendous things that he and the Nazis did? If historians kept all of these crucial bits of information from us, we might think Hitler was a great, positive leader. The point is, people who write about history control the past. The way they write about certain events, and the details they decide to include or exclude influences the minds of modern day people. Historians may not be intentionally lying to us, but if they decide to only include half of the facts, as readers, that’s all we’ll ever know and essentially, that’s all we’ll ever believe, hence also controlling the present. This can drastically change or viewpoint, and although we expect history to be completely unbiased and strictly factual, that is not the case at all. In essence, when we read about history, we are forming our own opinions based on other people’s opinions, not raw facts. So, are our thoughts considered to be valid if what we read is already a skewed version of the truth? My real question is; how is our society supposed to “learn from the past” if we’re only given one side of the story where certain aspects are embellished and downplayed?
"Cometh the hour, cometh the man."
I found this an interesting concept that only an unhappy land looks for heroes. I also find it a true concept. I agree it is the environment that creates the hero. When society faces disaster they need someone to look up to and guide them through difficult times. Further on in the paragraph Hughes-Hallett goes on to say “It is desperation that prompts people to crave a champion, a protector, or a redeemer and, having identified one, to offer him their worship.”
People do not go looking for Heroes on a day-to-day basis. Disaster must strike, and that disaster fuels desperation and desperation sparks the need for a leader, and this is where a hero comes in. Desperation is a powerful notion; it dulls your logic, makes people do things they wouldn’t normally do in the right frame of mind. For example, after WWI the German people were in despair, and Hitler seized this opportunity for power. He was in the right place, at the right time, and desperation clouded the people’s judgment. Of course he did not end up being a hero, but he proves that only in the right time will we seek a leader. Heroes need tragedies, like police need crime, and firefighters need fire.
Saturday, October 16, 2010
Products of our Culture
Twisted Truth
Thursday, October 14, 2010
The Hour Makes the Man
“It is in times of emergency that heroes are looked for, and found. Bertolt Brecht wrote, famously, that it is an unhappy land that looks for heroes.”
Extraordinary circumstances foster the heroic qualities in everyday people. In other words, heroes are born when there are surrounded by ideal circumstances. More specifically, it is usually under unfortunate circumstances or tragedy that heroes often emerge. When something goes wrong, as a society, we look for some individual to take lead, step up to the plate, and ultimately "save" us from the crisis at hand. But without these specific circumstances, heroes would not exist. Their success and claim to fame heavily relies on the fact that they were in the right place, at the right time.
Just another thought...
Lucy Hughes-Hallett’s case on how heroes emerge is very similar to Gladwell’s, author of Outliers, view on how successful people are made. Gladwell insists that successful people are not self-made, instead he argues that they “are invariably the beneficiaries of hidden advantages and extraordinary opportunities and cultural legacies that allow them to learn and work hard and make sense of the world in ways others cannot.” Before any other teen on the planet had started programming, Bill Gates acquired 10,000 hours of programming experience by the time he was 19. Now would he be the success he is today without having all of those extraordinary opportunities? Gladwell thinks not. And the same could be argued about heroes and their successes. The average, everyday man who miraculously lifts up a car to save a trapped little girl would be no hero, if the little girl was never trapped in the first place, would he? And would the firefighter who recently rescued a boy from a burning house be considered a hero, if the house never caught on fire? Or how about Martin Luther King Jr., would he have emerged as a hero if racism seized to exist?
Wednesday, October 13, 2010
Heroes: dangerous or essential?
Hubris Schmubris?
Hero Worship
Timing is everything...
“It is in times of emergency that heroes are looked for, and found…”
Heroes are rebels, they are the brave souls who defy authority and stand up for what is right. The reason that heroes have such an appeal is because in times of need there they are, capes blowing in the wind, ready to save the day. Take Franklin D Roosevelt for example, 10 years before the depression his New Deal would not have been accepted. It was only after a few years of the Depression, when unemployment rates were 25% that Americans were willing to accept governments help in job creation. “It is an unhappy land that looks for heroes.” When times are tough we look to the sky in hopes of seeing Superman sweeping in to save the day.
The Image of a Hero
A hero does not necessarily need to be wearing a cape, and mask in order to "look the part." However, a hero must be one to stand out in a crowd, whether it be by ones image, actions, or simply just being different. Being a hero does not require any need to demonstrate acts of swagger, as Hughes-Hallett indicates. The simplest, and possibly most discreet of actions can make someone a hero. A manifestation of someone becoming a hero through the simplist actions is an advocate for women with breast cancer. An extraordinary undertaking that few women in support of breast cancer do is to shave their heads regardless of the fact that they are not undergoing chemotherapy, these women instantly become heroes to the millions of women suffering from this disease. This is an example of someone becoming a hero through the most uncomplicated of actions. When people advocate for others at their own will, it makes them a hero, most likely not in a historical sense, but the fact that they put others needs ahead of their own makes them a hero to someone.